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• Immunotherapy: Oral and Injectable

  Immunotherapy (oral and injectable) is a treatment that involves using a pet’s own immune system to fight health conditions, such as certain allergies or certain types of cancer. Immunotherapy is specially formulated for each individual. It comes in injectable and oral forms.

• Implementing an Elimination-Challenge Diet Trial: Dog

  Skin and gut issues are problematic and can be caused by many things, including food allergies. The best way to identify food allergies is through an elimination-challenge diet trial, in which you eliminate potentially allergenic foods and treats for the length of the diet trial, then methodically add foods back into the diet to determine response. If a food allergy is identified, avoiding the food usually results in a good outcome, although some dogs develop new allergies in later years.

• Insulin: Glargine

  Insulin glargine is an injectable medication used in cats, dogs, ferrets, guinea pigs, and horses with diabetes mellitus. It is used to lower blood sugar levels and for long-term maintenance therapy of diabetes mellitus. Monitor closely for signs of low blood sugar (weakness, lack of energy, lethargy, stumbling or difficulty walking, behavior changes, muscle twitching, seizures, and/or unresponsive).

• Insulin: Lente

  Lente (porcine zinc) insulin (brand names Vetsulin®, Vetpen®) is an injectable medication approved for use in cats and dogs with diabetes mellitus. It is used to lower blood sugar levels and for long-term maintenance therapy of diabetes mellitus. This medication may be used "off label" or "extra label" in ferrets. Monitor closely for signs of low blood sugar (weakness, lack of energy, lethargy, stumbling or difficulty walking, behavior changes, muscle twitching, seizures, and/or unresponsiveness).

• Insulin: NPH

  NPH (Neutral Protamine Hagedron) insulin is an injectable medication used in cats, dogs, birds, ferrets, and horses with diabetes mellitus. It is used to lower blood sugar levels and for long-term maintenance therapy of diabetes mellitus. Monitor closely for signs of low blood sugar (weakness, lack of energy, lethargy, stumbling or difficulty walking, behavior changes, muscle twitching, seizures, and/or unresponsiveness).

• Insulin: Protamine Zinc

  Protamine zinc (PZI) insulin (brand name Prozinc®) is an injectable medication approved for use in cats and dogs with diabetes mellitus. It is used to lower blood sugar levels and for long-term maintenance therapy of diabetes mellitus. This medication may be used “off label” or “extra label” in other species. Monitor closely for signs of low blood sugar (weakness, lack of energy, lethargy, stumbling or difficulty walking, behavior changes, muscle twitching, seizures, and/or unresponsiveness).

• Interdigital Cysts in Dogs

  Interdigital cysts are a painful condition of swellings between the toes. They are commonly allergic in origin; however, many cases can be multifactorial. Diagnostic testing and treatments are recommended. Prognosis is generally good if the underlying disease can be well managed.

• Intussusception in Dogs

  An intussusception is a condition where part of the intestine slides into another part of the gastrointestinal tract. It causes signs similar to intestinal obstruction, including poor appetite and vomiting. Some cases can be life-threatening. Although some non-surgical techniques may correct the problem, most cases require surgery and intensive care for a good outcome.

• Isoflupredone Combinations Topical

  Isoflupredone combinations topical are combination medications containing isoflupredone (a corticosteroid) and other medications. Isoflupredone may be compounded with an antibiotic, a local anesthetic, or other medications to treat surface skin conditions where use of a steroid combination product is indicated. Its use may off label (extra label) depending on the species, condition(s) being treated, and formulation. Isoflupredone combinations topical come in powder and ointment forms, often specially compounded.

• Isoxsuprine

  Isoxsuprine is a vasodilator that relaxes blood vessel walls outside of major organs. It has been used to help treat frostbite in birds and in certain conditions in dogs. It is used “off label” or “extra label” in animals. Isoxsuprine comes in tablet and powder forms. Avoid use in animals who have recently given birth or have bleeding.